![]() Stepping through a single-line statement in a debugger may also be less convenient. Single-line chained statements may be more difficult to debug as debuggers may not be able to set breakpoints within the chain. It also contradicts the " fail-fast" approach for error protection. In typed languages, using a constructor requiring all parameters will fail at compilation time while the fluent approach will only be able to generate runtime errors, missing all the type-safety checks of modern compilers. Defines the data context class Context ) Problems Errors cannot be captured at compile time The implementation is based on extension methods. Other early examples include the Garnet system (from 1988 in Lisp) and the Amulet system (from 1994 in C++) which used this style for object creation and property assignment.Ĭ# uses fluent programming extensively in LINQ to build queries using "standard query operators". A common example is the iostream library in C++, which uses the > operators for the message passing, sending multiple data to the same object and allowing "manipulators" for other method calls. The term "fluent interface" was coined in late 2005, though this overall style of interface dates to the invention of method cascading in Smalltalk in the 1970s, and numerous examples in the 1980s. Note that a "fluent interface" means more than just method cascading via chaining it entails designing an interface that reads like a DSL, using other techniques like "nested functions and object scoping". Terminated through the return of a void context. ![]() Self-referential, where the new context is equivalent to the last context.Defined through the return value of a called method.Stated more abstractly, a fluent interface relays the instruction context of a subsequent call in method chaining, where generally the context is Model building software and community by Evan Designs Model Builder Community: Upload & download MB4 files. Implementation Ī fluent interface is normally implemented by using method chaining to implement method cascading (in languages that do not natively support cascading), concretely by having each method return the object to which it is attached, often referred to as this or self. The term was coined in 2005 by Eric Evans and Martin Fowler. Its goal is to increase code legibility by creating a domain-specific language (DSL). ![]() In software engineering, a fluent interface is an object-oriented API whose design relies extensively on method chaining. For Microsoft's 2017 visual design language, see Fluent Design System. For the user interface introduced in Microsoft Office 2007, see Microsoft Office 2007 § User interface. This article is about the API design pattern.
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